Introduction

From 06 to 09 of December the World Family Organization and the Chinese Government in partnership with the United Nations will hold the World Family Summit in Sanya, Hainan Province, China. The main purpose of the World Family Summit is to promote the Family’s contribution to the implementation of the Millennium Development Goals following a multi-stakeholder approach and a better and common understanding of the MDGs and the role of Family in contributing to their implementation through an enhanced learning, dialogue and action process.

In order to prepare WFO members and participants in general, to the discussions and the outcome recomendations, the background papers positions based on the work of the Millennium Project is available for consultation and download as well as comments to the Millennium Project Task Forces as well as to WFO.

The Millennium Project is the independent advisory body to United Nations Secretary-General Kofi Annan that is commissioned with recommending, by June 2005, operational strategies for meeting the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). This includes reviewing current innovative practices, prioritizing policy reforms, identifying frameworks for policy implementation, and evaluating financing options. The Project’s ultimate objective is to help ensure that all developing countries meet the MDGs.

As a United Nations-sponsored initiative, the Millennium Project proceeds under the overall guidance of the Secretary-General and United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Administrator Mark Malloch Brown in his capacity as chair of the United Nations Development Group (UNDG). Professor Jeffrey Sachs directs the Project, which brings together the expertise of world-class scholars in both developed and developing countries, United Nations agencies, and public, non-governmental, and private-sector institutions. Ten Task Forces carry out the bulk of the Millennium Project’s analytical work with support from a small secretariat based at UNDP headquarters in New York.

Additional information on the Millennium Project is available on its website at
www.unmillenniumproject.org

Table of Contents

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................ 5

1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................ 12

1.1 Overview of the epidemic............................................................................. 12
1.2 The response to the epidemic....................................................................... 15
1.3 The Millennium Project and HIV/AIDS ............................................................. 17
1.4 Organization of the interim report and relationship to the final report .................... 20

2. PREVENTION ................................................................................................ 22

2.1 Overview ................................................................................................... 22
2.2 The essential interventions............................................................................ 24
2.3 Current coverage of prevention services .......................................................... 28
2.4 Prevention targets....................................................................................... 28
2.5 Setting priorities ......................................................................................... 31
2.6 Integrating prevention with treatment ............................................................. 32
2.7 Structural interventions................................................................................. 35
2.8 New ideas and technologies............................................................................ 35
2.9 Issues and controversies............................................................................... 37
2.10 Recommendations ..................................................................................... 41

3. TREATMENT ................................................................................................ 42

3.1 Treatment and care interventions .................................................................. 43
3.2 Current status of AIDS treatment .................................................................. 43
3.3 Treatment targets....................................................................................... 44
3.4 Scaling up treatment .................................................................................. 46
3.5 Equity and human rights in treatment ............................................................. 54

AIDS Interim Report

3.6 Ensuring a well-coordinated mutisectoral response ........................................... 54
3.7 Recommendations ...................................................................................... 55

4. HEALTH YSTEMS.......................................................................................... 57

4.1 How health systems constrain HIV/AIDS prevention and care ............................ 57

5. ISSUES IN IMPLEMENTATION......................................................................... 59

5.1 International financing ............................................................................... 59
5.2 Roles for the United Nations......................................................................... 60
5.3 Monitoring and evaluation ........................................................................... 62
5.4 Recommendations ..................................................................................... 63

6. OBSTACLES ............................................................................................... 64

6.1 Gender and HIV/AIDS ................................................................................. 64
6.2 Stigma and discrimination............................................................................ 66

7. ESTIMATING THE COST ................................................................................ 68

LITERATURE CITED .......................................................................................... 70
Appendix: Task force projects and working papers………………...............................……..80

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