Country:
Estonia
Estonia
– Constitution
(Adopted on: 28 June 1992
Chapter II Fundamental Rights, Liberties, and Duties
Article
21 [Custody, Arrest] (1) Anyone deprived of his or her liberty
shall be informed promptly, and in such a language and manner which
he or she understands, of the reason for the arrest, and his or
her rights, and shall be given the opportunity to notify his or
her family about the arrest. A suspected offender shall also be
promptly given the opportunity to choose a legal adviser and to
confer with him or her. The right of a suspected offender to notify
his or her family of the arrest may only be restricted in such cases
and procedures as determined by law, for the purpose of preventing
a criminal act or in the interest of establishing facts in a criminal
investigation.
(3) No one may be compelled to give testimony against themselves,
or against close family.
Article
24 [Right to Fair Trial]
(1) No one may be transferred against his or her will from the jurisdiction
of a court, which has been determined by law, to the jurisdiction
of another court. (2) Everyone shall have the right to be present
during his or her trial. (3) Court hearings shall be public. The
court may, in such cases and procedures as determined by law, decide
to hold its hearings, wholly or in part, in closed session, for
the protection of state or business secrets, public morals or the
family life or privacy of persons, or where the interests of juveniles,
the victim or justice so require.
Article
26 [Family, Privacy] Everyone shall have the right to inviolability
of family life and privacy. State and local government authorities
and their officials may not interfere with any person's family life
or privacy, except in such cases and procedures as determined by
law for the protection of health or public morals, public order,
the rights and liberties of other persons, the prevention of a crime
or the apprehension of a criminal.
Article 27 [Protection of Family] (1) The family being
fundamental for the preservation and growth of the nation, and as
the basis for society, shall be protected by the state. (2) Spouses
shall have equal rights. (3) Parents shall have the right and the
responsibility for the raising and care of their children. (4) The
protection of parents and children shall be determined by law. (5)
The family shall be responsible for the care of dependent members.
Article
28 [Welfare Rights]
(3) Families with many children and the disabled shall be entitled
to special care by state and local authorities.
Article
45 [Freedom of Speech] (1) Everyone shall have the right to
freely circulate ideas, opinions, persuasions, and other information
by word, print, picture and other means. This right may be restricted
by law for the purpose of protecting public order or morals, or
the rights and liberties, health, honor and reputation of others.
The law may likewise restrict this right for state and local government
officials, for the purpose of protecting state or business secrets
or confidential communication, which due to their service the officials
have access to, as well as of protecting the family life and privacy
of other persons, and in the interests of justice.
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